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CS403 - Database Management Systems Questions and Answers

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Q1❓ MCQ📑 Lec 30Hard🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual🌟Starred
Consider an 'employees' table containing the following records: - emp_id: '001', salary: 62000, dept_id: 500 - emp_id: '002', salary: 57500, dept_id: 500 - emp_id: '003', salary: 71000, dept_id: 501 - emp_id: '004', salary: 42000, dept_id: 501 What will be the numeric output of executing the following SQL command? SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT dept_id) AS total FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;
💻 sql Snippet
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT dept_id) AS total 
FROM employees 
WHERE salary > 50000;
  1. A.1
  2. B.2
  3. C.3
  4. D.4
Q2❓ MCQ📑 Lec 31Medium🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual🌟Starred
Which relational join returns all records when there is a matching key in either the left table (table1) or the right table (table2), filling in NULLs for mismatched rows on both sides?
💻 sql Snippet
SELECT Teacher.TeacherID, Teacher.Name, Class.ClassID
FROM Teacher
FULL OUTER JOIN Class
ON Teacher.TeacherID = Class.TeacherID;
  1. A.Full outer join
  2. B.Inner join
  3. C.Right outer join
  4. D.Left outer join
Q3❓ MCQ📑 Lec 23Hard🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual🌟Starred
Consider a fully normalized relational database schema in Second Normal Form (2NF) with two tables: - STUDENTS(StudentID, StudentName, ClassID) - CLASSES(ClassID, CourseTitle, Venue) Under database maintenance guidelines, you are requested to perform a 'De-normalization' step to convert these tables back into a single, flat First Normal Form (1NF) relation [7]. What is the correct flat schema representation and what specific anomalies will be reintroduced into the design?
💻 sql Snippet
'-- De-normalized Flat 1NF Schema:
CREATE TABLE STD_CLASS (
    StudentID INT,
    StudentName VARCHAR(50),
    ClassID CHAR(5),
    CourseTitle VARCHAR(100),
    Venue VARCHAR(50),
    PRIMARY KEY (StudentID)
);
  1. A.Flat Schema: STD_CLASS(StudentID, StudentName, ClassID, CourseTitle, Venue). Reintroduces redundant data storage, insertion anomalies (cannot add class venue until a student registers), deletion anomalies (losing student details deletes class details), and update anomalies (modifying a venue requires updates across multiple rows) [8, 9].
  2. B.Flat Schema: STD_CLASS(StudentID, StudentName, CourseTitle, Venue). Eliminates all primary keys, making physical row addressing impossible and introducing infinite loop query scenarios.
  3. C.Flat Schema: STD_CLASS(ClassID, CourseTitle, Venue). Discards student details completely, causing loss of referential integrity constraints and database compilation failures.
  4. D.Flat Schema: STUDENTS(StudentID, ClassID, Venue). Maintains 2NF properties but eliminates foreign key constraints to speed up analytical query rendering times.
Q4❓ MCQ📑 Lec 28Easy🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual
Which of the following clauses, keywords, or constraints is NOT related to or a part of the basic SQL SELECT statement structure?
💻 sql Snippet
SELECT stId, stName FROM Student WHERE cgpa >= 3.0;
  1. A.SELECT
  2. B.NOT NULL
  3. C.WHERE
  4. D.FROM
Q5❓ MCQ📑 Lec 20Easy🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual
If a database relation has successfully satisfied the Second Normal Form (2NF) requirements but is not yet in Third Normal Form (3NF), then update, insertion, and deletion anomalies are due to which of the following dependencies?
💻 text Snippet
'-- Transitive Dependency Chain causing anomalies in 2NF table:
-- Primary Key -> Non-Key Column A -> Non-Key Column B
  1. A.Transitive dependency
  2. B.Partial dependency
  3. C.Reflexive dependency
  4. D.Full functional dependency
Q6❓ MCQ📑 Lec 8Easy🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual
Under standard relational database guidelines, which key or column classification is strictly used to guarantee that every individual row (tuple) of a table can be uniquely identified?
💻 sql Snippet
TeacherID CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY
  1. A.Foreign key column
  2. B.Composite attribute column
  3. C.Primary key column
  4. D.Derived attribute column
Q7❓ MCQ📑 Lec 20Medium🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual
The structural rules and formal definition of the Second Normal Form (2NF) are theoretically established upon which of the following functional dependency concepts?
💻 text Snippet
'-- Conceptual definition of 2NF:
-- A relation is in 2NF if all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the key.
  1. A.Reflexive dependency
  2. B.Full functional dependency
  3. C.Transitive dependency
  4. D.Partial dependency
Q8❓ MCQ📑 Lec 20Easy🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual🌟Starred
A relational database table is considered to have successfully satisfied the criteria of the Second Normal Form (2NF) if it is already in 1NF and completely eliminates which of the following dependencies?
💻 sql Snippet
'-- Violation of 2NF (stId -> stName is a partial dependency on composite key):
-- CLASS(crId, stId, stName, grade)
  1. A.Transitive dependency
  2. B.Functional dependency
  3. C.Partial dependency
  4. D.Reflexive dependency
Q9❓ MCQ📑 Lec 28Easy🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual
Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of the DISTINCT keyword in a SQL SELECT statement?
💻 sql Snippet
SELECT DISTINCT prName FROM student;
  1. A.It is used with DDL commands to enforce unique constraints during table creation
  2. B.It removes duplicate values from the query result set output
  3. C.It permanently deletes duplicate columns from the physical table schema
  4. D.It forces columns to reject NULL values during database insertion
Q10❓ MCQ📑 Lec 9Medium🔁Repeated⭐High-Yield💡Conceptual🌟Starred
Consider the ERD segment representing a '1:1 Sponsored Person' relationship. Since only a single entity type ('Person') participates in this association, which classification does this relationship fall under?
💻 sql Snippet
'-- ERD Mapping: Person Sponsors Person (1:1 Unary Relationship)
-- STUDENT ROOMMATE or EMPLOYEE MANAGES are similar examples.
  1. A.Binary relationship
  2. B.Unary (recursive) relationship
  3. C.Ternary relationship
  4. D.N-ary relationship